Identity

Identity pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2026

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Francis Fukuyama
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具體描述

The New York Times bestselling author of The Origins of Political Order offers a provocative examination of modern identity politics: its origins, its effects, and what it means for domestic and international affairs of state

In 2014, Francis Fukuyama wrote that American institutions were in decay, as the state was progressively captured by powerful interest groups. Two years later, his predictions were borne out by the rise to power of a series of political outsiders whose economic nationalism and authoritarian tendencies threatened to destabilize the entire international order. These populist nationalists seek direct charismatic connection to “the people,” who are usually defined in narrow identity terms that offer an irresistible call to an in-group and exclude large parts of the population as a whole.

Demand for recognition of one’s identity is a master concept that unifies much of what is going on in world politics today. The universal recognition on which liberal democracy is based has been increasingly challenged by narrower forms of recognition based on nation, religion, sect, race, ethnicity, or gender, which have resulted in anti-immigrant populism, the upsurge of politicized Islam, the fractious “identity liberalism” of college campuses, and the emergence of white nationalism. Populist nationalism, said to be rooted in economic motivation, actually springs from the demand for recognition and therefore cannot simply be satisfied by economic means. The demand for identity cannot be transcended; we must begin to shape identity in a way that supports rather than undermines democracy.

Identity is an urgent and necessary book―a sharp warning that unless we forge a universal understanding of human dignity, we will doom ourselves to continuing conflict.

用戶評價

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##很值得一看

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##當今左派的問題是從多元滑嚮相對,從而使得身份政治更加碎片化,喪失溝通、團結右翼底層的能力;右翼的問題是民粹化嚴重,民族(幾乎是白人種族主義)和宗教被政治野心傢利用,使得共和黨被茶黨填塞,建製派幾乎喪失議政能力。加之社交網絡加劇的撕裂,維係民主政治穩定性的中左、中右勢力幾乎被摧毀。福山在最後試圖提齣以普世價值的信條來重塑天然、偶在的“身份”,並在民族身份上著墨甚多,想通過同化移民來解決民族身份認同的問題,甚至在歐盟和美國提齣瞭一些具體的移民政策。這種倡議或許隻是超國傢層麵的一廂情願,但對於如何係統性地解決一國內國的問題,如美國的右翼民粹承受的經濟、社會、文化的整體性失落,福山的迴應潦草而簡略“緩解其對工作、收入、安全的擔憂”,但正如他所承認的那樣,右翼民粹的身份認同並不完全是經濟驅動的。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##一度在好像有點道理和皺眉之間橫跳,更多的時候就純粹是一種索然無味 也許是政治學的stroke對讀慣瞭更nuanced的人類學的taste來說有點太粗瞭 言必從gj,可行性層麵談論問題,感覺在聽西方zf內部辯論 讀完這個想去讀點graeber緩緩,可行不一定可行,但it feels right. ---------------(分割綫) 看完reversing roe滾迴來加星🤦‍♀️ 殘酷的世道麵前有什麼理想主義可言 dystopia裏麵討論什麼utopia 每個人都能有塊遮羞布地活下去就不錯瞭

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##用這個邏輯是不是也能justify,democracy是某鍋中産或受高等教育liberal尋求thymos的工具,過度挑戰nationalism話語對底層群眾不利?

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##當今左派的問題是從多元滑嚮相對,從而使得身份政治更加碎片化,喪失溝通、團結右翼底層的能力;右翼的問題是民粹化嚴重,民族(幾乎是白人種族主義)和宗教被政治野心傢利用,使得共和黨被茶黨填塞,建製派幾乎喪失議政能力。加之社交網絡加劇的撕裂,維係民主政治穩定性的中左、中右勢力幾乎被摧毀。福山在最後試圖提齣以普世價值的信條來重塑天然、偶在的“身份”,並在民族身份上著墨甚多,想通過同化移民來解決民族身份認同的問題,甚至在歐盟和美國提齣瞭一些具體的移民政策。這種倡議或許隻是超國傢層麵的一廂情願,但對於如何係統性地解決一國內國的問題,如美國的右翼民粹承受的經濟、社會、文化的整體性失落,福山的迴應潦草而簡略“緩解其對工作、收入、安全的擔憂”,但正如他所承認的那樣,右翼民粹的身份認同並不完全是經濟驅動的。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##用“身份政治”來解釋HK廢青暴動,倒是很貼切。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##雖然作者一直在強調identify 和 recognition的重要性和獨立性,但是還是隱隱的感覺全球化帶來的財富分化和歐洲的經濟停滯纔是identity politics 發生的根本原因。但是確實正如作者講得,身份政治具有經濟根源,但是一旦被激活其本身就像堡壘一樣變得非常堅固,人們腦子裏築起的牆很難再被推倒。 但是作者的藥方還是有點蒼白啊......

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##End of self-esteem = birth of government. 😳 #論節操的自治

評分☆☆☆☆☆

##雖然作者一直在強調identify 和 recognition的重要性和獨立性,但是還是隱隱的感覺全球化帶來的財富分化和歐洲的經濟停滯纔是identity politics 發生的根本原因。但是確實正如作者講得,身份政治具有經濟根源,但是一旦被激活其本身就像堡壘一樣變得非常堅固,人們腦子裏築起的牆很難再被推倒。 但是作者的藥方還是有點蒼白啊......