发表于2025-04-02
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Francis Fukuyama is the Olivier Nomellini Senior Fellow at Stanford University’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. He has previously taught at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University and at the George Mason University School of Public Policy. Fukuyama was a researcher at the RAND Corporation and served as the deputy director for the State Department’s policy planning staff. He is the author of Political Order and Political Decay, The Origins of Political Order, The End of History and the Last Man, Trust, and America at the Crossroads: Democracy, Power, and the Neoconservative Legacy. He lives with his wife in California.
The New York Times bestselling author of The Origins of Political Order offers a provocative examination of modern identity politics: its origins, its effects, and what it means for domestic and international affairs of state
In 2014, Francis Fukuyama wrote that American institutions were in decay, as the state was progressively captured by powerful interest groups. Two years later, his predictions were borne out by the rise to power of a series of political outsiders whose economic nationalism and authoritarian tendencies threatened to destabilize the entire international order. These populist nationalists seek direct charismatic connection to “the people,” who are usually defined in narrow identity terms that offer an irresistible call to an in-group and exclude large parts of the population as a whole.
Demand for recognition of one’s identity is a master concept that unifies much of what is going on in world politics today. The universal recognition on which liberal democracy is based has been increasingly challenged by narrower forms of recognition based on nation, religion, sect, race, ethnicity, or gender, which have resulted in anti-immigrant populism, the upsurge of politicized Islam, the fractious “identity liberalism” of college campuses, and the emergence of white nationalism. Populist nationalism, said to be rooted in economic motivation, actually springs from the demand for recognition and therefore cannot simply be satisfied by economic means. The demand for identity cannot be transcended; we must begin to shape identity in a way that supports rather than undermines democracy.
Identity is an urgent and necessary book―a sharp warning that unless we forge a universal understanding of human dignity, we will doom ourselves to continuing conflict.
##用这个逻辑是不是也能justify,democracy是某锅中产或受高等教育liberal寻求thymos的工具,过度挑战nationalism话语对底层群众不利?
评分从福山个人思想脉络看,是回应美国政治现实之作,也延续了历史终结与政治秩序的分析框架,只是为之补充了心理学(精神分析)的论证;他认为市场与文化领域中的冲突取代了政治上的斗争,但显然近年来这一趋势发生了逆转,福山试图重新锚定自己的论断。从议题本身而言,福山采纳了泰勒《本真性伦理》的基本框架与观点,将身份政治界定为寻求尊严的斗争(科耶夫与黑格尔),内含自我本真的产生、寻求承认的渴望以及承认的民主化、普遍化。以此讨论了个人主义与宗教、民族主义的伴生共存的根源,身份政治引发的社会冲突(种族、宗教、性别、恐怖主义与移民议题以及无名者的悲惨状态),集中分析了身份政治在民族认同、国家身份构建中的意义及美国与欧洲的现实之道。
评分##福山早前在他成名的《历史的终结?》议题中认为历史the end of于自由民主,到这里历史找到了它的目标,即让人类几千年来的斗争达到平衡和解稳定。但是2016年以来美国民粹总统特朗普当选、BLM、英国脱欧欧洲难民等问题的撕裂与动乱,这些自由民主国家还是出现各种了纷争,从中他...
评分 评分 评分 评分##居然中信没抢着中译本,着实惊讶。
Identity pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载