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　　隨著中國經濟和社會的迅速發展，涉外法律工作的重要性日益突顯。十八屆四中全會提齣加強涉外法律工作；司法部、商務部、外交部和國務院法製辦聯閤印發瞭《關於發展涉外法律服務業的意見》，對大力發展涉外法律服務業做齣全麵部署。中國已正式進入瞭法律服務的全球化時代。“一帶一路”國傢戰略成為國際閤作的新平颱，其實質是國傢的重大涉外經濟工程，離不開法律英語的保駕護航。同時，隨著高校外語教學改革不斷深化，法律英語已成為ESP重要的分支之一，許多高校在外語院係開設瞭法律英語課程或設置瞭法律英語方嚮,收到瞭良好的社會效果。培養能夠適應法律服務國際化要求的復閤型涉外法律人纔是時代發展的必然需要。該書為基礎篇，麵嚮高職院校學生以及從事法律英語專業的相關機構的工作人員。通過《基礎法律英語教程》的學習，既能學習以美國為代錶的西方法律知識，又可以提高在法律這一特定的領域內的英語讀、寫、說、譯的技能。

內容簡介

　　《基礎法律英語教程》是全國高等院校法律英語專業統編教材，LEC考試指定教材之一。該書為基礎篇，麵嚮高職院校學生以及從事法律英語專業的相關機構的工作人員。通過本教材的學習，既能學習以美國為代錶的西方法律知識，又可以提高在法律這一特定的領域內的英語讀、寫、說、譯的技能。此外，本教材還具有以下特點：
　　首先，針對法律英語的初學者，本教材的內容較之其它法律英語教材更為簡單和濃縮，容易接受。教材前四章以對話這一日常的語言形式來導入，初步展示瞭法律英語運用的語言環境和語體，簡單介紹瞭常見的法律關係和法律概念。隨後用篇章的形式由淺入深地介紹瞭法律文化和美國的部門法。在閱讀材料的選取中，本教材特彆注意選取難度適中的材料，確保絕大多數初學者可以輕鬆閱讀。其次，本教材使用大量的篇章對法律文化進行瞭介紹，包括法庭禮儀和服飾，遵循先例，律師的職業和道德，普通法和成文法傳統，陪審團製度，法院係統，法律教育等，涵蓋瞭美國法律文化的方方麵麵，有助於初學者對美國法律文化製度的認識形成一個完整的框架。再次，本教材的體係完備。在介紹瞭法律文化之後，又用十個章節介紹瞭美國主要的部門法，如憲法，閤同法，侵權法，物權法，證據法，知識産權法，刑法，刑事程序法，民事程序法，商法；並且，為滿足對外貿易發展的需要，本教材還增加瞭對WTO製度的介紹。本教材在每章節後麵都附有相關的練習題，以幫助學習者檢查課堂內容的掌握程度，查漏補缺。

作者簡介

　　張法連，1969年1月生，山東聊城人，中國政法大學外國語學院教授、碩士生導師，並在多所高校兼職博導，全國法律英語學科知名教授。

目錄

Contents


UNIT 1　REPORTING A CRIME1
UNIT 2　CONSULTING A LAWYER4
UNIT 3　ARBITRATION7
UNIT 4　PLEA BARGAINING11
UNIT 5　CHARACTERISTICS OF LEGAL ENGLISH14
UNIT 6　DOCTRINE OF STARE DECISIS19
UNIT 7　COURT ETIQUETTE AND ATTIRE23
UNIT 8　LEGAL ETHICS27
UNIT 9　CHIEF JUSTICE IN THE UNITED STATES31
UNIT 10　LAWYERS35
UNIT 11　COMMON LAW & CIVIL LAW SYSTEM40
UNIT 12　JURY TRIAL47
UNIT 13　COURT SYSTEM IN THE UNITED STATES53
UNIT 14　SOURCES OF LAW IN THE UNITED STATES58
UNIT 15　SEVEN PRINCIPLES IN THE U.S. JUDICIAL SYSTEM63
UNIT 16　LEGAL PROFESSIONALS IN THE UNITED STATES68
UNIT 17　LEGAL AID IN THE UNITED STATES74
UNIT 18　LEGAL EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES81
UNIT 19　WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (I)88
UNIT 20　WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (II)96
UNIT 21　CONSTITUTIONAL LAW103
UNIT 22　CONTRACTS109
UNIT 23　TORTS116
UNIT 24　PROPERTY LAW123
UNIT 25　EVIDENCE LAW130
UNIT 26　INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW136
UNIT 27　CRIMINAL LAW142
UNIT 28　CRIMINAL PROCEDURE150
UNIT 29　CIVIL PROCEDURE157
UNIT 30　BUSINESS LAW164
KEY TO THE EXERCISES170
APPENDIX A 187
APPENDIX B 194
APPENDIX C 199

精彩書摘

Intellectual Property Law

Intellectual property (IP) is a term referring to creations of the intellect for which a
monopoly is assigned to designated owners by law. Some common types of intellectual
property rights (IPR) are trademarks, copyright, patents, industrial design rights, and in
some jurisdictions trade secrets: all these cover music, literature, and other artistic works;
discoveries and inventions; and words, phrases, symbols, and designs.

While intellectual property law has evolved over centuries, it was not until the 19th
century that the term intellectual property began to be used, and not until the late 20th
century that it became commonplace in the majority of the world.

Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual property rights include patents, copyright, industrial design rights,
trademarks, plant variety rights, trade dress, and in some jurisdictions trade secrets.

1. Patents

A patent is a form of right granted by the government to an inventor, giving the
owner the right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering to sell, and
importing an invention for a limited period of time, in exchange for the public disclosure
of the invention. An invention is a solution to a specific technological problem, which
may be a product or a process and generally has to fulfill three main requirements: it has
to be new, not obvious and there needs to be an industrial applicability.

2. Copyright

A copyright gives the creator of original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a
limited time. Copyright may apply to a wide range of creative, intellectual, or artistic
forms, or “works.” Copyright does not cover ideas and information themselves, only

136

136



the form or manner in which they are expressed.

Copyright may apply to a wide range of creative, intellectual, or artistic forms,
or “works.” Specifics vary by jurisdiction, but these can include poems, theses, plays
and other literary works, motion pictures, choreography, musical compositions, sound
recordings, paintings, drawings, sculptures, photographs, computer software, radio and
television broadcasts, and industrial designs. Graphic designs and industrial designs may
have separate or overlapping laws applied to them in some jurisdictions.

3. Industrial Design Rights

An industrial design right (sometimes called “design right”) protects the visual design
of objects that are not purely utilitarian. An industrial design consists of the creation of
a shape, configuration or composition of pattern or color, or combination of pattern and
color in three-dimensional form containing aesthetic value. An industrial design can be
a two- or three-dimensional pattern used to produce a product, industrial commodity or
handicraft.

4. Trademarks

A trademark, trade mark, or trade-mark is a recognizable sign, design, or expression
which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others, although
trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks. The trademark
owner can be an individual, business organization, or any legal entity. A trademark
may be located on a package, a label, a voucher, or on the product itself. For the sake of
corporate identity, trademarks are being displayed on company buildings.

5. Trade Dress

Trade dress is a legal term of art that generally refers to characteristics of the visual
appearance of a product or its packaging (or even the design of a building) that signify the
source of the product to consumers.

6. Trade Secrets

A trade secret is a formula, practice, process, design, instrument, pattern, or
compilation of information which is not generally known or reasonably ascertainable, by

UNIT 26

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW



which a business can obtain an economic advantage over competitors or customers.

Objectives of Intellectual Property Law

The stated objective of most intellectual property law (with the exception of
trademarks) is to “Promote progress.” By exchanging limited exclusive rights for disclosure
of inventions and creative works, society and the patentee/copyright owner mutually
benefit, and an incentive is created for inventors and authors to create and disclose
their work. Some commentators
have noted that the objective of intellectual property
legislators and those who support its implementation appears to be “absolute protection.”
“If some intellectual property is desirable because it encourages innovation, they reason,
more is better. The thinking is that creators will not have sufficient incentive to invent
unless they are legally entitled to capture the full social value of their inventions.” This
absolute protection or full value view treats intellectual property as another type of “real”
property, typically adopting its law and rhetoric. Other recent developments in intellectual
property law, such as the America Invents Act, stress international harmonization.
Recently there has also been much debate over the desirability of using intellectual
property rights to protect cultural heritage, including intangible ones, as well as over risks
of commodification
derived from this possibility. The issue still remains open in legal
scholarship.

Infringement, Misappropriation, and Enforcement

Violation of intellectual property rights, called “infringement” with respect to
patents, copyright, and trademarks, and “misappropriation” with respect to trade secrets,
may be a breach of civil law or criminal law, depending on the type of intellectual
property involved, jurisdiction, and the nature of the action.

Patent infringement typically is caused by using or selling a patented invention
without permission from the patent holder. The scope of the patented invention or the
extent of protection is defined in the claims of the granted patent. There is safe harbor in
many jurisdictions to use a pa 基礎法律英語教程 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書

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