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《拓撲空間》是一部本科生學習拓撲空間的基礎教程。引導讀者很好的學習拓撲中有關幾何的東西什麼是最重要的。《拓撲空間》的內容分為三大部分，綫和麵、矩陣空間和拓撲空間。書中將大量的數學詞匯概念囊括其中，不要求讀者對簡單定理或者集閤知識十分瞭解，從而減少讀者理解上的難度。收斂定理的應用在幫助讀者抓住重點的同時，逐漸接觸並理解拓撲的概念，書中的知識點步步逼近，前九節重在為本科生講述矩陣空間的知識，同時也包括瞭大量的材料，這些將成為研究生學習的教程。

內頁插圖

目錄

Preface
PART Ⅰ THE LINE AND THE PLANE
Chapter 1 What Topology Is About
Topological Equivalence
Continuity and Convergence
A Few Conventions
Extra: Topological Diversions
Exercises
Chapter 2 Axioms for R
Extra: Axiom Systems
Exercises
Chapter 3 Convergent Sequences and Continuity
Subsequences
Uniform Continuity
The Plane
Extra: Bolzano （1781-1848）
Exercises
ChaPter 4 Curves in the Plane
Curves
Homeomorphic Sets
Brouwer's Theorem
Extra: L.E.J. Brouwer （1881-1966）

PART Ⅱ METRI SPACES
Chapter 5 Metrics
Extra: Camille Jordan （1838-1922）
Exercises
Chapter 6 Open and Closed Sets
Subsets of a Metric Space
Collections of Sets
Similar Metrics
Interior and Closure
The Empty Set
Extra: Cantor （1845-1918）
Exercises
Chapter 7 Completeness
Extra: Meager Sets and the Mazur Game
Exercises
Chapter 8 Uniform Convergence
Extra: Spaces of Continuous Functions
Exercises
Chapter 9 Sequential Compactness
Extra: The p-adic Numbers
Exercises
Chapter 10 Convergent Nets
Inadequacy of Sequences
Convergent Nets
-Extra: Knots
Exercises
Chapter 11 Transition to TOpology
Generalized Convergence
Topologies
Extra: The Emergence of the Professional Mathematician
Exercises

PART Ⅲ TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
Chapter 12 Topological Spaces
Extra: Map Coloring
Exercises
Chapter 13 Compactness and the Hausdorff Property
Compact Spaces
Hausdorff Spaces
Extra: Hausdorff and the Measure Problem
Exercises
Chapter 14 Products and Quotients
Product Spaces
Quotient Spaces
Extra: Surfaces
Exercises
Chapter 15 The Hahn-Tietze-Tong-Urysohn Theorems
Urysohn's Lemma
Interpolation and Extension
Extra: Nonstandard Mathematics
Exercises
Chapter 16 Connectedness
Connected Spaces
The Jordan Theorem
Extra: Continuous Deformation of Curves
Exercises
Chapter 17 Tvchonoffs Theorem
Extra: The Axiom of Choice
Exercises

PAler Ⅳ PosTsciuer
Chapter 18 A Smorgasbord for Further Study
Countability Conditions
Separation Conditions
Compactness Conditions
Compactifications
Connectivity Conditions
Extra: Dates from the History of General Topology
Exercises
Chapter 19 Countable Sets
Extra: The Continuum Hypothesis
A Farewell to the Reader
Literature
Index of Symbols
Index of Terms

前言/序言

拓撲空間 [Topological Spaces: From Distance to Neighborhood] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書

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對任意x∈X，如果Z的子集U包含含有x的一個開集則U稱為x的一個鄰域。如果X的子集A滿足X－A是開集，則稱X是閉集。

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②J中元的有限交在J中。

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拓撲空間

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稱拓撲空間為Hausdorff空間，如果空間中任意兩點有不交的鄰域。注意有些拓撲空間不是Hausdorff空間，如定義瞭平凡拓撲的空間，連續函數芽集等。

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List of books Edit

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分離公理展開

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其他學科

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③R′及空集是開集。對任一非空集閤X，若X的一個子集族J

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