☆☆☆☆☆
简体网页||繁体网页



点击这里下载

类似图书 点击查看全场最低价

---

内容简介

　　 《语言与语言学百科全书(第2版)(套装全14册)》由外教社从Elsevier出版社引进出版，是迄今世界大的一套语言学百科全书，堪称语言学知识词典的巨制鸿篇。与问世于1993年的《语言与语言学百科全书》（第1版）相比，第2版拓展了语用学、语义学、句法学、词法学、语音学、音系学等范畴，使其内容更丰富、题材更新颖、收录更完备。全书共14卷，收录大词目3000多条，每条词目均有丰富的内容和详尽的解释，除按字母顺序编排外，还有主题分类、交叉检索和主题索引。英国爱丁堡大学马克·斯迪蒙教授概括说：“《语言与语言学百科全书(第2版)(套装全14册)》的编辑和作者群英荟萃。项目范畴之广、规模之大，可谓开创历史之先河。”学术性高、文章内容新、覆盖面广；全新作者撰稿、全新编辑审校、探索全新题材、收录全新文章；横盖六大领域：语言体系研究、言语活动研究、言语机制研究、话语研究、计算语言学研究、文字体系研究。

目录

Executive Editorial Board/Honorary Editorial Advisory Board
Executive Editorial Board Biographies
Publishing History
Foreword
Introduction
Guide to Use
Alphabetical List of Articles
Erratum
Alphabetical Entries
Glossary
List of Languages
Ethnologue Maps
List of Abbreviations
List of Logical Symbols Used
Transcriptional Conventions and the IPA Alphabet
Subject Classification
List of Contributors
Subject Index

精彩书摘

one of the central problems of structuralism, perhapseven its most central one. Greimas then had to postulate the existence of asemantic universe that was defined as the set ofthe systems of values that can be apprehended asmeaningful only if it is articulated or narrativized.Thus, any discourse was said to presuppose a seman-tic universe hypothetically made up of the totality ofsignifications, postulated as such prior to its articula-tion, and which it actualizes in part. This he called amicrosemantic universe that at the fundamental levelarticulates elementary axiological structures, such aslife/death (individual universe) and nature/culture(collective universe). Situated at the deep semanticlevel, these basic structures were considered to be adhoc universals that serve as starting points for theanalysis of semantic universes, be they individual orcollective. Their meaning is never apprehensible assuch but, rather, only when they are manifested inthe form of an articulated signification or, in otherwords, when they are converted into actantial struc-tures. Petitot-Cocorda (1985: 50-51) clearly per-ceived the theoretical import of Greimass semioticswhen he situated the actantial and semionarrativestructures within an anthropological framework. Forhim, the deep semantic categories were considered tobe universals of the imaginary even though indivi-duals were thought not to be conscious of them, asthey exist only because they are both invested withvalues and ideologically invested in objects of value,whose quest governs the actions (actantial and narra-tive programs) of the subject actants. The deep se-mantic categories can be apprehended only throughthe circulation of object-values governed by actantialsyntax. They cannot be subjectivized in themselvesbut only by means of a logic of actions. He notedthat the role of actantial syntax is to convert thefundamental semantics that constitute the messageinto narrative and to determine its anthropologi-cal function. Finally, it is through this actantial andsemionarrative syntax that one can grasp, through thesimulacrum of the scene that dramatizes them, theunconscious processes leading to subjectivity. In The interaction of semiotic onstraints(Greimas and Rastier, 1987), Greimas suggested thepossibility of a generative trajectory, beginning with afundamental semiotic level that was then convertedinto an actantial syntax before ultimately being mani-fested through discourse, but focused especially onthe first domain of the global trajectory. The mainobject of the theory of the semiotic square at thefundamental semiotic level was to articulate the sub-stance of the content and thereby constitute theform of content. This elementary structure shouldbe considered both as a concept uniting the minimalconditions for the apprehension and/or the produc-tion of signification and as a model containing theminimal definition of any language (or, more general-ly, of any semiotic system or process) and of anysemiotic unit. The elementary structure appeared asa complex binary semic category that correlates twocontrary semes by means of a relation of junction(conjunction/disjunction) and by a relation of recip-rocal presupposition, prior to any semantic invest-ment whatsoever. Petitot-Cocordat (1985: 51-52)argued that the constituent relations of contrarietyand contradiction of the semiotic square are not logical in nature, but in the Jakobsonian sense are qualitative oppositions and privative oppositions and must be treated as such. The formal characteristics of the semiotic square are founded on a dynamic topol- ogy of places and connections and not upon a static logic of terms and connections. Represented graphically in their entirety, the vari-ous components and the interrelationships of the firsttwo levels of the theory of narrativity were workedout in Greimas (1987: 63-83). The semionarrativestructures, constituting the most abstract level orstarting point of the generative trajectory, are presentin the form of a semiotic and narrative grammar.These grammars contain two components (syntacticand semantic) and two levels of depth - a fundamen-tal semantics and a fundamental syntax on the deeplevel, and a narrative semantics and a narrative syn-tax on the surface level. Finally, less deep than theother two, the discursive structures take up the sur-face semiotic structures and set them into discourse.A discursive syntax was identified at this level com-posed of the subcomponents of actorialization,temporalization, and spatialization. The semanticcomponent, or discursive semantics, was said to bemade up of the subcomponents of themantization andfigurativization. The main theoretical problem that arose from thisactantial and semionarrative model is related to thepassage (conversion), on the one hand, from a para-digmatic relation, or a taxonomic morphology, toan operative syntax or syntagmatic relation and, onthe other hand, the passage (conversion) from afundamental abstract syntax to a narrative anthropo-morphic surface syntax and ultimately to a discur-sive-figurative syntax. It can be said that two typesof conversions exist in the theory: horizontal con-versions (dealing with the relations between the syn-tactic and semantic components of each level) and vertical conversions (having to do with the relationsbetween levels).

前言/序言

　　放在读者面前的这套《语言与语言学百科全书》(2006年第2版，共14卷)是由励德爱思唯尔(ReedElsevier)集团出版，在阿姆斯特丹、波斯顿、海德堡、伦敦、纽约、牛津、巴黎、圣地亚哥、旧金山、新加坡、悉尼、东京等地同时发行的大型工具书。这部语言学知识词典第l版于1993年出版，第2版增加了这十余年来语言学发展的新信息。为有效借鉴外国语言学研究成果，加强语言学国际交流，上海外语教育出版社引进了这部语言学百科全书，并嘱我为引进版写篇序言，遂先读为快，浏览了全书。现做简序，以飨读者。一、语言学知识词典的巨制鸿篇
　　现代词典可分为知识词典和语言词典两大类。知识词典包括百科全书，解释词语所代表的科学知识；语言词典解释词语本身的语言特征。当读者不认识或不会使用一个词时，可以查语言词典；当读者不理解词所代表的知识时，就要查知识词典。关于汉语或外语语言词典，学习者几乎人手一册；而关于语言和语言学的知识词典，学习者使用不多。但是，如果深入学习语言和从事语言研究，语言学知识词典则是必备的案头工具书。单卷本语言学词典，中外都出版了一些，如中国的《中国大百科全书·语言学卷》、《大辞海·语言学卷》、《辞海·语言学卷》等，市场上都可以买到。外国的，如法国《语言科学百科词典》分4单元，57项主题，解释了800条语言学术语。这类词典规模小，解释简单，只能满足一般性的查找需要。语言学者在研究中常常需要查找生疏的语言学术语，特别是新的语言学知识，单卷本词典远远不能满足需要。于是，大型语言学百科全书应运而生。这部14卷的大型《语言与语言学百科全书》大词目就有3000多条，每条都有丰富的内容和详尽的解释。词典除按字母顺序编排外，还有主题分类、交叉检索和主题索引。首页的字母索引中，词目下标明册数和页码。主题分类中，把全书按主题分为36区，大部分区域还再分为小区。词目可归于一个或几个区域。词条末尾的交叉检索提供三种信息：1．参见其他词条中对该项目的解释，2．该项目在其他词条中的相似信息，3．指出扩展讨论的材料。词典中除正文词条外，最后一卷还附有民族语言地图、语言列表、术语表、缩略语表、逻辑符号用法表、标音法和国际音标等内容。二、适应现代语言学发展趋势
　　现代语言学在不同的时期都有其一定的发展趋势。在我的论著中每过一段时间就会概括出这种趋势。例如，1983年我在《现代语言学研究》中说：“当代语言学发展说明：人们从语言体系、言语活动和言语机制三个方面越来越深入地认识语言的本质。”1985年，我在《谈点社会心理语言学》一文中说：“当代语言学又出现一个明显趋势，就是用社会心理语言学、社会信息语言学等第二代边缘学科的理论和方法，研究作为交际单位的话语。”1987年，我在《语言学教程》“代前言”中提出8项教学内容的更新：1．语言学的对象是语言体系、言语活动和言语机制。2．语义和语义学的地位越来越重要。3．理论语言学分科对语言体系研究有新的进展。4．当代语言学理论获得广泛应用，改变了语言学理论忽视应用的状况。5．语言学边缘学科涌现，改变了就语言研究语言的状况。6．对传统语言学问题有了新的探索。7．语言学研究的重点从结构转向建构。8．语言学是现代科学体系中的关键学科。1997年，我在《语言学概论》中，又增写了10项新内容：1．语言的调节功能，2．多角度研究语言，3．建构语言学，4．转换生成语言学的发展，5．国俗语义学，6．社会心理修辞学，7．词典的功能，8．建构主义外语教学论，9．社会心理语言学，10．神经语言学。最近几年我又提出语言学建构性循环网络，论述语言学研究中，语言体系、言语活动、言语机制、话语、计算机语言处理和文字体系六大领域及其相互关系。
null
语言与语言学百科全书（第2版）（套装全14册） [ENCYCLOPEDIA OF LANGUAGE &LINGUISTICS] 电子书 下载 mobi epub pdf txt

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

评分☆☆☆☆☆

类似图书 点击查看全场最低价