本书严格按照该教程的内容进行编写，每章由三个部分组成： 1 参考译文：将教程的内容全部译为汉语。

译文在尊重教程意图的基础上，力求通顺，流畅，易懂。 2 名词解释：将各章节中的语言学专业术语、语

言学名家，语言学流派，相关地名和语言学试验手段等用详尽的汉语进行阐释。注释在力求准确的基础上，

也力求通俗易懂、详细而深入。 3 参考答案：对各章节中的部分客观题给出了合适的参考答。考虑到学生

学习和应试的需要，答案紧扣教程，力求准确。

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 What is linguistics?

1.1.1 Definition

1.1.2 The scope of linguistics

1.1.3 Some important distinctions in linguistics

1.2 What is language?

1.2.1 Definitions of language

1.2.2 Design features of language

1.2.3 Funcions of language

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 2 Phonology

2.1 The phonic medium of language

2.2 Phonetics

2.2.1 What is phonetics?

2.2.2 Organs of speech

2.2.3 Orthographic representation of speech sounds——broad and narrow transcriptions

2.2.4 Classification of English speech sounds

2.3 Phonology

2.3.1 Phonology and phonetics

2.3.2 Phone, phoneme, and allophone

2.3.3 Phonemic contrast, complementary distribution, and minimal pair

2.3.4 Some rules in phonology

2.3.5 Suprasegmental features —— stress, tone, intonation

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 3 Morphology

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Open class and closed class

3.3 Morphemes —— the minimal units of meaning

3.4 Analyzing word structures

3.5 Derivational and inflectional morphemes

3.6 Morphological rules of word formation

3.7 Derivation

3.8 Compounds

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 4 Syntax

4.1 What is syntax?

4.2 Categories

4.2.1 Word-level categories

4.2.2 Phrase categories and their structures

4.3 Phrase structure rule

4.3.1 XP rule

4.3.2 Coordination rule

4.4 Phrase element,,

4.4.1 Specifiers

4.4.2 Complements

4.4.3 Modifiers

4.5 Sentences (The S rule)

4.6 Transformations

4.6.1 Auxiliary movement

4.6.2 Do insertion

4.6.3 Deep structure and surface structure

4.6.4 Wh movement

4.6.5 Move α and constraints on transformations

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 5 Semantics

5.1 What is semantics?

5.2 Some views concerning the study of meaning

5.2.1 The naming theory

5.2.2 The conceptualist view

5.2.3 Contextualism

5.2.4 Behaviorism

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