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　　本书为国际贸易专业本科生的专业英语教程，因第一版深受读者欢迎，此次为第二次出版。本书为精读用书，课程的材料包括国际贸易学、市场营销、国际贸易实务中的重要内容。本书在选材上，沿袭了第一版注重专业性、信息性、趣味性、前瞻性等特点，课文多取材于英语原版书籍和论文，并兼顾中国的相关贸易信息，全面涵盖国际贸易的核心领域，包括国际贸易理论知识、国际贸易环境、国际市场营销和国际贸易操作程序等方面的内容，是在专业知识方面达到严谨和新颖，在语言知识方面实现规范和实用的一本集理论性、知识性、新颖性和实用性为一体的国际贸易英语教材。本书的学习对象是全国各大学开设的国际贸易、外贸英语专业本科层次的学生，本书同样适合各种成人教育的相关专业的学生使用，也可为外贸人员培训班和企业在岗人员培训使用。

内容简介

　　本书分4篇，20单元。第一篇分4单元，涉及国际贸易理论和基本概念，第二篇分4单元，涉及国际贸易环境，第三篇分6单元，涉及国际市场营销，第四篇分6单元，涉及进出口贸易实务。每单元分三部分，PartⅠ为精读材料，配有生词表和注解；PartⅡ为精读习题，前三篇注重语法和词汇，第四篇注重课堂思考；PartⅢ为拓展练习，前三篇注重阅读理解和翻译训练，第四篇注重情景对话训练。每单元最后均有因特网阅读指引和经济学名言警句，全书最后附客观题答案和生词表。本书的学习对象是全国各大学开设的国际贸易、外贸英语专业本科层次的学生，本书同样适合各种成人教育的相关专业的学生使用，也可为外贸人员培训班和企业在岗人员培训使用。

作者简介

陶菁：宁波大学商学院讲师，管理学博士，拥有15年国际贸易专业英语教学经验。

目录

Contents
Part one: Theories and Basic Knowledge of International Trade（）

Unit 1
Specialization and Exchange （）

Unit 2The Structure of International Trade（）

Unit 3Trade and Policies（）

Unit 4Global Competition and National Competitive Advantage（）


Part two: Environment of International Trade（）

Unit 5Subsidies and International Trade（）

Unit 6 US CHINA Trade Conflicts （）

Unit 7Global Value Chains（）

Unit 8World Trade Organization（）


Part three: International Marketing（）

Unit 9The Nature of International Market（）

Unit 10The Environment of International Marketing（）

Unit 11Identifying and Choosing International Market Appropriate （）

Unit 12Export Pricing Strategies of Multinationals（）

Unit 13International Business Negotiation （）

Unit 14E�睠ommerce （）


Part four: Import & Export Practice（）

Unit 15Trade Terms（）

Unit 16The Import & Export Process （）

Unit 17International Payment（）

Unit 18International Cargo Transportation and Insurance （）

Unit 19International Contracting（）

Unit 20Inspection, Claim, Force Majeure and Arbitration（）

精彩书摘

Part one: Theories and Basic Knowledge of International Trade
Unit 1


Specialization and Exchange*
Resources are scare, all economic decisions involve trade�瞣ffs�盩his unit shows many of the most basic ideas of economics, such as efficiency, division of labor, comparative advantage, exchange, and the role of markets��
Tty to answer the following questions before and after reading the text:
—What is the basis for trade?
—How are gains from trade generated?
—How large are the gains and how are they divided among the trading nations?
—What commodities are traded and which commodities are exported and imported by each nation?
PartⅠ Text


The three coordination tasks of any economy
In deciding how to allocate its scarce resources, every society must somehow make three sorts of decisions:
�r First, as we have emphasized, it must figure out how to utilize its resources efficiently; that is, it must find a way to reach its production possibilities frontier��
�r Second, it must decide which of the possible combinations of goods to produce—how many missiles, automobiles, and so on; that is, it must select one specific point on the production possibilities frontier��
�r Third, it must decide how much of the total output of each good to distribute to each person, doing so in a sensible way that does not assign meat to vegetarians and wine to teetotalers��
Societies can and do make each of these decisions—which economists often refer to as how, what, and to whom—in many ways�盕or example, a central planner may tell people how to produce, what to produce, and what to consume, as the authorities used to do, at least to some extent, in the former Soviet Union�盉ut in a market economy, no one group or individual makes all such resource allocation decisions explicitly�盧ather, consumer demands and production costs allocate resources automatically and anonymously through a system of prices and markets�盇s the formerly socialist countries learned, markets do an impressively effective job in carrying out these tasks�盩o see how markets can do all this, let�餾 consider each task in turn��
The wonders of division of labor
Adam Smith, the founder of modern economics, first marveled at how division of labor raises efficiency and productivity when he visited a pin factory�盜n a famous passage near the beginning of his monumental book, The Wealth of Nations (1776), he described what he saw:
One man draws out the wire, another straightens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head�盩o make the head requires two or three distinct operations; to put it on is a peculiar business, to whiten the pins is another; it is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper��
Smith observed that by dividing the work to be done in this way, each worker became quite skilled in a particular specialty, and the productivity of the group of workers as a whole was greatly enhanced�盇s Smith related it:
I have seen a small manufactory of this kind where ten men only were employed…Those ten persons…could make among them upwards of forty�瞖ight thousand pins in a day…But if they had all wrought separately and independently…they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day��
In other words, through the miracle of division of labor and specialization, the workers accomplished what might otherwise have required thousands�盩his was one of the secrets of the Industrial Revolution, which helped lift humanity out of the abject poverty that had been its lot for centuries��
The amazing principle of comparative advantage
But specialization in production fosters efficiency in an even more profound sense�盇dam Smith noticed that how goods are produced can make a huge difference to productivity�盉ut so can which goods are produced�盩he reason is that people (and businesses, and nations)have different abilities�盨ome can repair automobiles, whereas others are wizards with numbers�盨ome are handy with computers, and others can cook�盇n economy will be most efficient if people specialize in doing what they do best and then trade with one another, so that the accountant gets her car repaired and the computer programmer gets to eat tasty and nutritious meals��
This much is obvious�盬hat is less obvious—and is one of the great ideas of economics—is that two people (or two businesses, or two countries)can generally gain from trade even if one of them is more efficient than the other in producing everything�盇 simple example will help explain why��
Some lawyer can type better than their administrative assistants�盨hould such a lawyer fire her assistant and do her own typing? Not likely�盓ven though the lawyer may type better than the assistant, good judgment tells her to concentrate on practicing law and leave the typing to a lower�瞤aid assistant�盬hy? Because the opportunity cost of an hour devoted to typing is an hour less time spent with clients, which is a far more lucrative activity��
This example illustrates the principle of comparative advantage at work�盩he lawyer specializes in arguing cases despite her advantage as a typist because she has a still greater advantage as an attorney�盨he suffers some direct loss by leaving the typing to a less�瞖fficient employee, but she makes up more than that loss by the income she earns selling her legal services to clients��
Precisely the same principle applies to nations�盋omparative advantage underlies the economic analysis of international trade patterns�盇 country that is particularly adept at producing certain items—such as aircraft manufacturing in the United States, coffee growing in Brazil, and oil extraction in Saudi Arabia—should specialize in those activities, producing more than it wants for its own use�盩he country can then take the money it earns from its exports and purchase from other nations items that it does not make for itself��
The underlying logic is precisely the same as in our lawyer�瞭ypist example�盩he United States might, for example, be better than Japan at manufacturing both computers and television sets�盉ut if the United States is vastly more efficient at producing computers, but only slightly more efficient at making TV sets, it pays for the United States to specialize in computer manufacture, for Japan to specialize in TV production, and for the two countries to trade��
This principle, called the law of comparative advantage, was discovered by David Ricardo, one of the giants in the history of economic analysis, almost 200 years ago.��

前言/序言

再版前言
国际贸易英语训练需要分门别类方能学以致用，出于教学需要，我们一直在为经贸类研习者与从业者寻找一本合适的精读教材，以满足综合分析贸易经济问题的需要。本书为精读用书，课程的材料包括国际贸易学、市场营销、国际贸易实务中的重要内容。
　　《国际贸易专业英语》自2008年起，在各院校经济类专业得到普遍使用，受到师生的广泛认同，不少院校连续至今使用该书，我们还发现，一 国际贸易专业英语（第2版） 电子书 下载 mobi epub pdf txt

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