内容简介
本卷收录竺可桢的外文论著59篇,其发表时间跨越58年(1916—1973)。大部分为学术著作,包括部分中文论文的英文摘要。其中,英文56篇,俄文3篇,英文论文大多为作者自撰,少数乃译自中文论文;俄文论文则由他人据作者撰写的中文稿翻译而成。英文论文中,作者1918年在哈佛大学的博士论文A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF THE TYPHOONS OF THE FAR EAST为首次全文发表。除个别早期的英文论文未有中译文外,其余大多皆已译成中文正式发表,入编于本书1—4卷。应当指出,凡从中文著述译成外文者,作者都针对出版刊物的特点和读者对象及原文发表以后的研究进展,对文章作了较大的补充和修改,因此不宜简单地看作是对原论文的翻译。有些文章,如关于二十八宿起源的论述,因应某些出版社或学术会议的要求,中、英文本都曾多次发表,而每次发表的内容往往有所变动。
作者简介
竺可桢(1890~1974),中国现代气象学、地理学的一代宗师,卓越的科学家和教育家。曾任中国科学社社长、中央研究院气象研究所所长、浙江大学校长、中国科学院副院长、中国科协副主席。在气象学与气象事业、地理学与自然资源考察、科学史、科学普及、科学教育、科研管理和诸多科学文化领域皆有杰出贡献。
精彩书评
竺可桢是中国现代气象学和地理学的一代宗师,著名教育家,先后担任过中国科学社社长、中央研究院气象所所长、浙江大学校长和中国科学院副院长。他提倡求实精神,关注人口、资源、环境问题和经济社会的关系,在地理学、气象学、自然资源考察、科学史、科学普及、科研管理和大学教育等诸多领域作出了杰出贡献。
《竺可桢全集》收录迄今可见的竺可桢文稿约1300万字,第1—4卷为学术论文、大学讲义、科普文章、演讲词、工作报告、思想自传、信函、题词、序跋、诗作等,第5卷为外文著述,第6—19卷为1936—1974年的日记,第20卷为补编、年表和人名索引等。各卷附珍贵历史照片。
本书遵奉“存真”原则,力求如实展现竺可桢的学术成就和人生道路,折射现代中国的政治面貌和社会文化变迁的历史进程。
本卷收录1916-1973年竺可桢的英文、俄文著述59篇。首次全文发表的哈佛大学博士论文——《远东台风的新分类》;中国现代气象学的奠基作——《中国气候概论》、《中国气候之运行》、《东南季风与中国之雨量》;半个世纪的心血结晶——《中国历史上气候之变迁》、《中国近五千年来气候变迁的初步研究》;澄清百年学术争论——《天文学中二十八宿之起源》;介绍古代中国的科学成就——《中国古代对气象学之贡献》、《中国古代的天文学》;介绍新中国的新科技事业——《中国科学院近年的科学考察》、《新中国科学技术的发展》。
目录
前言 /7
第5卷编例 /13
第5卷说明 /15
1916年
RAINFALL IN CHINA, 1900-1911. /1
THE CHINESE WEATHER BUREAU. /15
DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION IN CHINA DURING THE
TYPHOONS OF THE SUMMER OF 1911. /16
1918年
SOME CHINESE CONTRIBUTIONS TO METEOROLOGY /28
A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF THE TYPHOONS OF THE FAR
EAST. /33
SOME NEW FACTS ABOUT THE CENTERS OF TYPHOONS. /85
1923年
A NOTE ON THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY
IN THE NATIONAL SOUTH-EASTERN UNIVERSITY, NANKING,
CHINA /91
1925年
A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF TYPHOONS OF THE FAR EAST /94
THE PLACE OF ORIGIN AND RECURVATURE OF TYPHOONS /118
1926年
CLIMATIC PULSATIONS DURING HISTORIC TIME IN CHINA /131
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE WEATHER TYPES OF EASTERN
CHINA /141
1929年
CLIMATIC PROVINCES OF CHINA. /161
1930年
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1928)” /179
1931年
CLIMATIC CHANGES DURING HISTORIC TIME IN CHINA /182
SQUALLS OBSERVED IN NANKING DURING THE YEAR MARCH
1929-FEBRUARY 1930 /190
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1929)” /192
1932年
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1930)” /195
1933年
WEATHER FORECASTING AND WIND DIRECTION AT 3000 METER LEVEL AT NANKING /198
1934年
CIRCULATION OF ATMOSPHERE OVER CHINA /202
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1931)” /224
INTRODUCTION OF “BULLETIN OF THE UPPER AIR CURRENT
OBSERVATIONS (1933)” /225
1935年
THE ARIDITY OF NORTH CHINA /227
INTRODUCTION OF “THE CHINESE RAINFALL” /238
EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE MAPS OF “THE CHINESE
RAINFALL” /240
THE HEIGHT OF TAISHAN AND OMEISHAN /249
CLIMATE /251
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1932)” /281
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1933)” /282
INTRODUCTION OF “BULLETIN OF THE UPPER AIR CURRENT
OBSERVATIONS (1934)” /283
1936年
A BRIEF SURVEY ON THE CLIMATE OF CHINA /285
IS COLD WINTER THE HARBINGER OF SUMMER FLOOD IN CHINA /315
THE NANKING WEATHER /316
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE UPON LIVING BEINGS. /320
INTRODUCTION OF “BULLETIN OF THE UPPER AIR CURRENT OBSERVATIONS (1935)” /322
1937年
THE CLIMATE OF HANGCHOW /323
FOREWORD OF “ANNUAL METEOROLOGICAL REPORT (1934)” /328
1938年
INTRODUCTION OF “BULLETIN OF THE UPPER AIR CURRENT
OBSERVATIONS (1936, 1937)” /329
1940年
DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARTS OF “THE TEMPERATURE OF
CHINA (APPENDIX)” /330
PREFACE OF “THE TEMPERATURE OF CHINA” /338
1946年
CLIMATE /340
1947年
THE ORIGIN OF TWENTY�睧IGHT MANSIONS IN ASTRONOMY /359
1950年
SCIENCE IN NEW CHINA /376
1953年
ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ, ТЕХНИКА /381
ВКЛАД КИТАЙСКИХ УЧЕНЫХ В АСТРОНОМИЮ В ДРЕВНИЕ И
СРЕДНИЕ ВЕКА /393
1954年
CHINA�餝 SCIENTISTS AID SOCIALIST CONSTRUCTION /408
PREFACE OF “COLLECTED SCIENTIFIC PAPERS: METEOROLOGY
(1919-1949)” /414
SOUTHEAST MONSOON AND RAINFALL IN CHINA /420
1956年
WHAT CHINA�餝 SCIENTISTS ARE DOING /438
THE ORIGIN OF TWENTY EIGHT LUNAR MANSIONS /448
1957年
IN THE COMMEMORATION OF THE 250th ANNIVERSARY OF
CARL VON LINNE’S BIRTHDAY /456
1958年
SURVEYING THE HEILUNGKIANG BASIN /460
ANCIENT CHINA’S ASTRONOMY /465
THE SUBTROPICAL BELT OF CHINA /474
1959年
SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITIONS UNDERTAKEN BY ACADEMIA SINICA IN RECENT YEARS /476
КОМПЛЕКСНЫЕ ЭКСПЕДИЦИИ КИТАЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ НАУК /497
1960年
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN NEW CHINA /517
1962年
THE PULSATION OF WORLD CLIMATE DURING HISTORICAL
TIMES /529
1964年
SOME CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF CHINESE CLIMATE AND
THEIR EFFECTS ON CROP PRODUCTION /531
1973年
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE CLIMATIC FLUCTUATIONS
DURING THE LAST 5,000 YEARS IN CHINA /534
精彩书摘
书摘
RAINFALL IN CHINA,1900—1911.
(Issued July 29,1916)
[Dated:Cambridge,Mass.,Mar.2l,1916.]
INTRODUCTION.
As the fluctuation in rainfall from year to year is great,it is always a difficuIt matter to discuss the subject and draw isohyets with accuracy and intelligence unIess we have a long series of reliable observations well istributed over the region under discussion.
China has been backward on all subj ects meteorological.The data on rainfall in China are mostly spasmodic,inaccurate,and limited to recent years only.The data on rainfall in this article are based on Rev.Louis Froc’s work“La P1uie en Chine.durant une period de onze ann6es,1900—1911,”published by the Catholic Mission of Zi~ka—wei,Shanghai,China.These are,no doubt,the most recent and at the same time the most reliable data on the rainfall in China.In a11,there are 88 sta-tions divided into four classes according to the length of the record of rainfall.In the first class, which comprises 34 stations, all except 4 have data extending through the period of 11 years.The records of the remaining stations are incom~plete,varying in length from eight to two or three years.The stations are not verY well distributed,but are ncentratedmostly along the coast and the vallev of the Yangtze River;in the northwest they are entirely wanting.The area of china prop—er,according to Mill’International Geography,is approximately 1,300,000 souare miles Assuming that all the data of the 88 stations were available and that thev were uniformly distributed,there still would be only one station to everv 1.500 square miles.
It is evident that a rainfall map based upon these data can only be tentative.If the stations were more numerous and better distributed,and if the records extended over a longer period,the map would be probably quite different from what it is.
前言/序言
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