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影响美国学生近一个世纪的教科书,一套塑造美国精神与文明的语文读本!这套由美国知名教育家、俄亥俄大学校长威廉?H?麦加菲花费20多年时间倾心主编,至1920年累计销量便高达1.22亿册,是美国热销的语文课本,被《时代周刊》评为“人类出版史上第三大热销书”。
内容简介
《美国语文读本》从19世纪中期至20世纪中叶,一直被广泛用作美国学校的语文教材,据称有10000多所美国学校拿它当作教材。到了21世纪,西方一些私立学校(PrivateSchool)和家庭学校(Homeschool)仍用它作为教材,足见这套书的价值与影响力。据估计,这套书从问世至1960年,至少发行了1.22亿册;1961年后,在西方每年销量仍达30000册以上。应该说,没有哪一套个人主编的教材能超过此发行量了!
此套读本的英文原版共分七级,包括启蒙读本和第1-6级。考虑到启蒙读本与第一级篇幅都较少,难易程度也很接近,于是我们将之合并为第1册,其余2-6级与英文原版相同。这样国内出版的这套读本共包括6册。第1册从字母表开始,主要侧重于字母的发音与书写、简单的单词与句型,同时强调英文书写,课文后面附有不少书法练习,让孩子们不仅将英语说得像外国人,而且写得也跟外文书法一样,这是国内英语教学所缺少的一个环节。从第2册开始,均是比较正式的课文,每一课包括词汇和课文,对一些生词有英文解释,让学生学会通过简单英文理解生词,养成用英语理解和思维的习惯。第5册和第6册的课文前增加了作者简介与相关背景知识,内容丰富而有一定深度。
此套书为在原版本基础上重新修订精装版,后两册字号较之前有所放大,并且修正了原有的错误之处,以方便学生阅读。
本书为第4册。
作者简介
威廉?H?麦加菲,美国著名教育家。1800年出生于宾夕法尼亚州,1826年毕业于华盛顿大学杰斐逊学院。在数十年教育生涯中,他曾担任过迈阿密大学语言学教授,俄亥俄大学校长。自1845年开始任弗吉尼亚大学道德哲学教授。他还帮助组建了俄亥俄州公立学校体系。
早在19世纪初期,麦加菲就意识到,应该给那些孤独的垦荒者和欧洲移民的后代提供普遍的教育,于是他利用自己作为演讲家与教育工作者的天赋,开始为孩子们编写系列教材。这套教材共7册,从学龄前至第6年级。他前后花费了20多年的时间才完成全套教材的编写。这套教材面世后就被美国很多学校选为课本。在75年间销量高达1.22亿,直到今天仍以各种版本流行于西方,被美国《出版周刊》评为"人类出版史上第三大畅销书",对美国青年的心灵塑造与道德培养产生了影响。
精彩书评
★这套书不仅影响了美国的教育事业,也影响了美国的伦理道德。诚如历史学家孔玛格所言:“它们为美国儿童提供了当今明显缺乏的东西,即普遍的引喻知识、普遍的经验和自制意识。”
―― 选自《大美百科全书》
目录
Lesson 1?Perseverance / 第1课 坚持不懈 1
Lesson 2?Try, Try Again / 第2课 试试,再试试 4
Lesson 3?Why the Sea is Salt / 第3课 为什么海水是咸的 5
Lesson 4?Why the Sea Is Salt (CONCLUDED) /
第4课 为什么海水是咸的(完结篇) 8
Lesson 5?Popping Corn / 第5课 爆米花 11
Lesson 6?Smiles / 第6课 微笑 12
Lesson 7?Lazy Ned / 第7课 懒惰的奈德 15
Lesson 8?The Monkey / 第8课 猴子 16
Lesson 9?Meddlesome Matty / 第9课 捣乱的玛蒂 18
Lesson 10?The Good Son / 第10课 孝顺的儿子 20
Lesson 11?To-morrow / 第11课 明天 22
Lesson 12?Where there is a Will there is a Way / 第12课 有志者事竟成 24
Lesson 13?Piccola / 第13课 皮克拉 26
Lesson 14?True Manliness / 第14课 真正的男子气概 28
Lesson 15?True Manliness (CONCLUDED) /
第15课 真正的男子气概(完结篇) 31
Lesson 16?The Brown Thrush / 第16课 褐色的画眉 33
Lesson 17?A Ship in a Storm / 第17课 暴风雨中的船 35
Lesson 18?The Sailor's Consolation / 第18课 水手的慰藉 38
Lesson 19?Two Ways of Telling a Story / 第19课 讲故事的两种方法 40
Lesson 20?Freaks of the Frost / 第20课 霜之奇想 43
Lesson 21?Waste not, Want not / 第21课 俭以防匮 45
Lesson 22?Jeannette and Jo / 第22课 珍妮特和乔 48
Lesson 23?The Lion / 第23课 狮子 50
Lesson 24?Strawberries / 第24课 草莓 53
Lesson 25?Harry's Riches / 第25课 哈利的财富 56
Lesson 26?In Time's Swing / 第26课 在时间的秋千上 60
Lesson 27?Harry and his Dog / 第27课 哈利和他的狗 62
Lesson 28?The Voice of the Grass / 第28课 小草之歌 66
Lesson 29?The Eagle / 第29课 鹰 68
Lesson 30?The Old Eagle Tree / 第30课 老鹰树 70
Lesson 31?Alpine Song / 第31课 阿尔卑斯山之歌 73
Lesson 32?Circumstances alter Cases / 第32课 环境不同,处理各异 75
Lesson 33?The Noblest Revenge / 第33课 最高尚的复仇 80
Lesson 34?Evening Hymn / 第34课 夜晚赞歌 83
Lesson 35?How Margery Wondered / 第35课 好奇的玛格丽 85
Lesson 36?The Child's World / 第36课 孩子的世界 90
Lesson 37?Susie's Composition / 第37课 苏西的作文 92
Lesson 38?The Summer Shower / 第38课 夏日阵雨 97
Lesson 39?Consequences of Idleness / 第39课 懒惰的后果 99
Lesson 40?Advantages of Industry / 第40课 勤奋的优势 102
Lesson 41?The Fountain / 第41课 喷泉 105
Lesson 42?Coffee / 第42课 咖啡 107
Lesson 43?The Winter King / 第43课 冬天的国王 110
Lesson 44?The Nettle / 第44课 荨麻 113
Lesson 45?The Tempest / 第45课 暴风雨 117
Lesson 46?The Creator / 第46课 造物主 119
Lesson 47?The Horse / 第47课 马 122
Lesson 48?Emulation / 第48课 竞争 126
Lesson 49?The Sandpiper / 第49课 鹬鸟 128
Lesson 50?The Right Way / 第50课 正确的方法 130
Lesson 51?The Golden Rule / 第51课 黄金法则 134
Lesson 52?The Snow Man / 第52课 雪人 138
Lesson 53?Robinson Crusoe's House / 第53课 鲁滨孙?克鲁索的住所 139
Lesson 54?Robinson Crusoe's Dress / 第54课 鲁滨孙?克鲁索的衣服 142
Lesson 55?Somebody's Darling / 第55课 谁人的至爱 144
Lesson 56?Knowledge is Power / 第56课 知识就是力量 146
Lesson 57?Good Will / 第57课 善意 148
Lesson 58?A Chinese Story / 第58课 中国故事一则 151
Lesson 59?The Way to be Happy / 第59课 快乐的方法 155
Lesson 60?The Giraffe, or Camelopard / 第60课 长颈鹿 159
Lesson 61?The Lost Child / 第61课 失踪的孩子 161
Lesson 62?Which? / 第62课 哪一个? 165
Lesson 63?The Pet Fawn / 第63课 宠物鹿 169
Lesson 64?Annie's Dream / 第64课 安妮的梦 172
Lesson 65?My Ghost / 第65课 我遇见的鬼 176
Lesson 66?The Elephant / 第66课 大象 179
Lesson 67?Dare to Do Right / 第67课 勇于做正确的事 182
Lesson 68?Dare to Do Right (CONCLUDED) /
第68课 勇于做正确的事(完结篇) 185
Lesson 69?Wreck of the Hesperus / 第69课 金星号残骸 188
Lesson 70?Anecdotes of Birds / 第70课 鸟类趣闻 192
Lesson 71?The Rainbow Pilgrimage / 第71课 彩虹之旅 196
Lesson 72?The Old Oaken Bucket / 第72课 老橡木桶 201
Lesson 73?The Sermon on the Mount / 第73课 登山宝训 203
Lesson 74?The Young Witness / 第74课 小证人 206
Lesson 75?King Solomon and the Ants / 第75课 所罗门王和蚂蚁 210
Lesson 76?Rivermouth Theater / 第76课 河口剧院 212
Lesson 77?Alfred the Great / 第77课 阿尔弗雷德大帝 216
Lesson 78?Living on a Farm / 第78课 农场生活 220
Lesson 79?Hugh Idle and Mr. Toil / 第79课 休?伊德和特劳先生 222
Lesson 80?Hugh Idle and Mr. Toil (CONCLUDED) /
第80课 休?伊德和特劳先生(完结篇) 226
Lesson 81?Burning of Fallow / 第81课 燃烧的土地 229
Lesson 82?The Dying Soldiers / 第82课 垂死的士兵 233
Lesson 83?The Attack on Nymwegen / 第83课 袭击纳梅亨 236
Lesson 84?The Seasons / 第84课 四季 240
Lesson 85?Brandywine Ford / 第85课 布兰迪万河浅滩 243
Lesson 86?Brandywine Ford (CONCLUDED) /
第86课 布兰迪万河浅滩(完结篇) 247
Lesson 87?The Best Capital / 第87课 最好的资本 251
Lesson 88?The Inchcape Rock / 第88课 印奇开普暗礁 256
Lesson 89?My Mother's Grave / 第89课 母亲的坟墓 259
Lesson 90?A Mother's Gift——THE BIBLE /
第90课 母亲的礼物——《圣经》 262
精彩书摘
"Will you give my kite a lift?" said my little nephew to his sister, after trying in vain to make it fly by dragging it along the ground. Lucy very kindly took it up and threw it into the air, but, her brother neglecting to run off at the same moment, the kite fell down again.
"Ah! now, how awkward you are!" said the little fellow. "It was your fault entirely," answered his sister. "Try again, children," said I.
Lucy once more took up the kite. But now John was in too great a hurry; he ran off so suddenly that he twitched the kite out of her hand, and it fell flat as before. "Well, who is to blame now?" asked Lucy. "Try again," said I.
They did, and with more care; but a side wind coming suddenly, as Lucy let go the kite, it was blown against some shrubs, and the tail became entangled in a moment, leaving the poor kite hanging with its head downward.
"There, there!" exclaimed John, "that comes of your throwing it all to one side." "As if I could make the wind blow straight," said Lucy. In the meantime, I went to the kite's assistance; and having disengaged the long tail, I rolled it up, saying, "Come, children, there are too many trees here; let us find a more open space, and then try again."
We presently found a nice grassplot, at one side of which I took my stand; and all things being prepared, I tossed the kite up just as little John ran off. It rose with all the dignity of a balloon, and promised a lofty flight; but John, delighted to find it pulling so hard at the string, stopped short to look upward and admire. The string slackened, the kite wavered, and, the wind not being very favorable, down came the kite to the grass. "O John, you should not have stopped," said I. "However, try again."
"I won't try any more," replied he, rather sullenly. "It is of no use, you see. The kite won't fly, and I don't want to be plagued with it any longer." "Oh, fie, my little man! would you give up the sport, after all the pains we have taken both to make and to fly the kite? A few disappointments ought not to discourage us. Come, I have wound up your string, and now try again."
And he did try, and succeeded, for the kite was carried upward on the breeze as lightly as a feather; and when the string was all out, John stood in great delight, holding fast the stick and gazing on the kite, which now seemed like a little white speck in the blue sky. "Look, look, aunt, how high it flies! and it pulls like a team of horses, so that I can hardly hold it. I wish I had a mile of string: I am sure it would go to the end of it."
After enjoying the sight as long as he pleased, little John proceeded to roll up the string slowly; and when the kite fell, he took it up with great glee, saying that it was not at all hurt, and that it had behaved very well. "Shall we come out to-morrow, aunt, after lessons, and try again?"
"I have no objection, my dear, if the weather is fine. And now, as we walk home, tell me what you have learned from your morning's spo
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