1 Integers and Polynomials 1.1 Integers 1.2 Number Fields 1.3 Polynomial 1.4 Polynomial Functions and Roots 1.5 Polvnomials over Rational Number Field 1.6 Polynomials of Several Variables 1.7 Symmetric Polynomials 1.8 Exercises
2 Systems of Linear Equations 2.1 Systems of Linear Equations and Elimination 2.2 Vectors 2.3 Matrices 2.4 Structure of Solutions of A System of Linear Equations 2.5 Exercises
3 Linear Maps, Matrices and Determinants 3. 1 Linear Maps of Vector Spaces and Matrices 3.2 Operations of Linear Maps and Matrices 3.3 Partitioned Matrices 3, 4 Elementary Matrices and Invertible Matrices 3.5 Determinants 3.5.1 Permutation and Determinant 3.5.2 Properties of Determinant 3.5.3 Expansion of Determinant 3.5.4 Applications of Determinant 3.6 Exercises
4 Linear Spaces and Linear Maps 4. 1 Linear Spaces 4.2 Dimension, Basis, Coordinates 4.3 Basis Change and Coordinate Transformations 4.4 Linear Maps and Isomorphism 4.5 Matrices of Linear Maps 4.6 Subspaces and Direct Sum 4.7 Space Decomposition and Partitioned Matrices 4.8 Exercises
5 Linear Transformations 5.1 Linear Transformations 5.2 Similarity of Matrices 5.3 ),-Matrices 5.4 Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and Characteristic Polynomials 5.5 Invariant Subspaces 5.6 Equivalence of λ-matrices 5.7 Invariant Factors and Elementary Divisors 5.8 Condition for Similarity of Matrices 5.9 Jordan Canonical Forms of Matrices 5.10 Rat iona! Canonical Forms of Matrices 5.11 Exercises
6 Euclidean Spaces 6.1 Inner Product and Basic Properties 6.2 Orthogonal Bases and Schmidt Orthonormalization 6.3 Subspaces and Orthogonal Complements 6.4 Isometry and Orthogonal Transformations 6.5 Symmetric Matrices and Symmetric Transformations 6.6 The Method of Least Squares——System of Linear Equations Revisited 6.7 A Brief Introduction to Unitary Spaces 6.8 Exercises
7 Linear Forms, Bilinear Forms and Quadratic Forms 7.1 Linear Forms and the Dual Space 7.2 Bilinear Forms 7.3 Symmetric Bilinear Forms 7.4 Quadratic Forms 7.5 Quadratic Forms over Real and Complex Number Fields 7.6 Positive Definite Quadratic Forms over Real Number Field 7.7 Exercises Bibliography Index
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84.Use the least squares method to find the best choice of a line Y=a。+a1xto fit the(X,Y)一data points(-1,1),(0,0),(1,3),(2,4).Plot the 1ineand the data points in the(x,y)一plane. 85.The owner of a rapidly expanding business finds that for the first fivemonths of the year his sales are RMB 4000,4400,5200,6400 and8000.He plots these figures on a graph and conjectures that for the restof the year his sales curve can be approximated by a quadratic polynomia1.Find the least squares quadratic polynomial fit to the sales curve anduse it to project the sales for the 12th month of the year. 86.When the space shuttle Challenger exploded in 1986,one of the criticisms made of NASA’S decision to Launch was in the way the analysis ofnumber of Oring failures versus temperature was made(of course,Oring failure caused the explosion).Four Oring failures will cause therocket tO explode.NASA had data from 24 previous flights.