　　《英语说文解字》从历史、文化的角度，结合生动的趣闻轶事和生活点滴，在概念、词源、语法等各个方面，深入浅出地剖析英语单词的衍变和内在联系，为一个个枯燥的单词赋予了色彩和生命，让我们在享受语言美的同时积累大量词汇，培养英语思维方式，将英语阅读和写作水平迅速提升到更高层次。
　　《英语说文解字》结构别出心裁，每章围绕一个主题，深入剖析核心词汇，然后通过追根溯源，进一步拓展词汇量。真能做到“一而十，十而百”。每个章节之后配有大量练习，全书还有三个综合性测试，能使读者及时检验和巩固所学词汇和词根知识，在短期内迅速构建较大的词汇量。

作者简介

　　诺曼·里维斯（Norman Lewis，1912—2006年），毕业于美国哥伦比亚大学，作家、教授、英语文法专家和辞典编撰者，美国英语语言领域的专家。他一生编著了63本书，其中以《英语说文解字》（Word Power Made Easy），《30天增强词汇》（30 Day to a More Powerful Vocabulary）和《罗热的新掌上词库》（Roget’s New Pocket Thesaurus in Dictionary Form）三本更为畅销。

　　王威，北京大学英语系在读博士，以19世纪英国文学为研究方向。近年从事英语教学、研究和翻译，主要涉及古典学、中世纪研究、英国文学和比较文学等领域。发表论文若干，主要译著包括《美国小学语文》（第六册）、《非虚构类文本阅读》等。

　　刘博，北京高校英语教师，以认知语言学为研究方向。从事英语教学及研究多年，主要涉及语用学、词汇学、二语习得等。主要译著包括《美国小学语文（第一册）》《非虚构类文本阅读》等。

HOW TO USE THIS BOOK FOR MAXIMUM BENEFIT
如何从本书获得最大收益（原序）
Why this is not a book to be read; how to learn to pronounce the new words correctly; how the etymological approach works better than any other method for learning words quickly and permanently; how to master nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in five to ten minutes; how to use the psychological principles of learning to sharpen your verbal skills.
为什么本书不是用于阅读；如何掌握新单词的正确读音；为何利用词源快速学习词汇、长效记忆词汇的方法优于其他方法；如何用5到10分钟掌握名词、动词、形容词和副词；如何运用关于学习的心理学原理来提升语言技巧。

PART ONEGETTING OFF TO A GOOD START
第一部分建立一个良好的开端
1. HOW TO TEST YOUR PRESENT VOCABULARY
如何测试现有词汇量
How vocabulary growth of the average adult compares with that of children; a simple test to show you whether your vocabulary is below average, average, above average, excellent, or superior in range, verbal speed, and responsiveness; important evidence of the close relationship between vocabulary and success.
一般成年人学习词汇的速度和孩子相比怎么样；一个简单的测试，检验你的词汇范围、说话速度和反应能力，来确定你的词汇量是低于平均水平、高于平均水平、优秀还是非常优秀；词汇量和成功密切相关的重要证据。

2. HOW TO START BUILDING YOUR VOCABULARY
如何开始构建词汇
How building your vocabulary will enrich your thinking, increase your self�瞐ssurance in speaking and writing, and give you a better understanding of the world and of yourself; why it is necessary to recapture the “powerful urge to learn”; why your age makes little difference; how this book is designed to build a college�瞫ize vocabulary in two to three months.
扩大词汇量如何能丰富你的思维，增强你说话和写作的自信，使你更好地理解这个世界和你自己；为什么重新获得“强烈的学习欲望”尤为重要；为什么扩展词汇量与年龄无关；本书如何能够使你在两到三个月之内达到大学水平的词汇量。

3. HOW TO TALK ABOUT PERSONALITY TYPES (Sessions 1-3)
如何描述个性类型
Words that describe all kinds and sorts of people, including terms for self�瞚nterest, reactions to the world, attitudes to others, skill and awkwardness, marital states, hatred of man, of woman, and of marriage. How one session of pleasant work can add more words to your vocabulary than the average adult learns in an entire year; why it is necessary to develop a comfortable time schedule and then stick to it.
描述各种各样个性类型的人物，包括与自我利益、世界观、对他人的态度、通达与笨拙、婚姻状况、厌恶男人、厌恶女人和厌恶婚姻生活等概念相关的术语。愉快地学习一段时间所掌握的词汇量，如何能比一般成年人一整年学到的词汇量还多；为什么制订一个合适的学习时间表并坚持执行是必不可少的。

4. HOW TO TALK ABOUT DOCTORS (Sessions 4-6)
如何描述各科医生
Words that relate to medical specialists and specialties. Terms for experts in disorders of the female organs; childhood diseases; skin ailments; skeletal deformities; heart ailments; disorders of the nerves, mind, and personality. How self�瞕iscipline and persistence will ultimately lead to complete mastery over words,
与医学专家和专业相关的词汇；治疗女性组织紊乱、儿童疾病、皮肤疾病、骨骼畸形、心脏疾病，以及神经、心智、人格紊乱等疾病的专家术语；自律和恒心如何引导你完全掌握词汇。

5. HOW TO TALK ABOUT VARIOUS PRACTITIONERS
(Sessions 7-10)
如何描述各种从业者
Words that describe a variety of professions, including those dealing with the human mind, teeth, vision, feet, handwriting, aging, etc. How you are becoming more and more conscious of the new words you meet in your reading.
描述各种各样职业的词汇，包括那些与人的心理、牙齿、视力、脚、书写、衰老等相关的职业。阅读时，你对新词如何变得越来越警觉。

6. HOW TO TALK ABOUT SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
(Sessions 11-13)
如何描述各门科学及科学家
Words that describe students of human development, of the heavens, of the earth, of plant and animal life, of insect forms, of words and language, of social organization. Books on psychology that will add immeasurably both to your store of new words and ideas, and also to your under standing of yourself and of other people.
描述人类进化、天体、地球、植物与动物、昆虫、词汇与语言、社会组织等科目的学生的词汇。关于心理学的书籍不但可以极大地丰富你的新词，储备新概念，还使你更好地了解自己和其他人。

7. HOW TO TALK ABOUT LIARS AND LYING (Sessions 14-17)
如何描述各类骗子与谎言
Words that accurately label different types of liars and lying. Terms that relate to fame, artistry, reform, heredity, time, place, suffering, etc. Four lasting benefits you have begun to acquire from your work in vocabulary building.
准确描述不同种类骗子与谎言的词汇；与名誉、艺术才能、改造、遗传、时间、地点、苦难等相关的词汇。你从词汇扩建的学习中获得的四个长远利益。

8. HOW TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS(Session 18)
如何检验你的进步∕179
Comprehensive Test I ：A 120�瞚tem test of your learning in Part I.
综合测验Ⅰ：测试包含120道题，测验第一部分的学习成果。

第二部分加大马力
第三部分以圆满成功的感觉收尾

精彩书摘

　　HOW TO TALK ABOUT PERSONALITY TYPES
　　如何描述个性类型
　　SESSION 1
　　第1节
　　Every human being is, in one way or another, unique.
　　Everyone’s personality is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
　　Let us examine ten personality types (one of which might by chance be your very own) that result from the way culture, growth, family background, and environment interact with heredity.
　　And, of course, we begin not with the words, but with the ideas.
　　每个人都是独一无二的，或以这样的方式，或以那样的方式。
　　每个人的个性都由基因和环境因素组合决定。
　　下面让我们剖析10种个性类型（其中一种可能碰巧就是你的个性类型），这10种个性类型是文化、成长、家庭背景和环境与遗传相互作用的结果。
　　当然，我们从概念入手，而非词汇。
　　IDEAS
　　概念
　　1. me first
　　以我为先
　　Your attitude to life is simple, direct, and aboveboard—every decision you make is based on the answer to one question: “What’s in it for me?” If your selfishness, greed, and ruthless desire for self advancement hurt other people, that’s too bad. “This is a tough world, pal, dog eat dog and all that, and I, for one, am not going to be left behind!”
　　An egoist
　　这样的人对生活的态度简单、直接、明了——他所做的每个决定都基于对一个问题的回答：“这件事会给我带来什么？”如果他为了得到自我利益而表现出的自私、贪婪和无情的欲望伤害到他人，那只能怪别人太倒霉了。“朋友，这是一个无情的世界，狗咬狗，人人都为自己，而我呢？我在这方面也绝不会落后于他人。”
　　他是一个egoist（利己主义者）。
　　2. the height of conceit
　　自负至极
　　“Now, let’s see. Have you heard about all the money I’m making? Did I tell you about my latest amorous conquest? Let me give you my opinion—I know, because I’m an expert at practically everything!” You are boastful to the point of being obnoxious—you have only one string to your conversational violin, namely, yourself; and on it you play a number of monotonous variations: what you think, what you have done, how good you are, how you would solve the problems of the world, etc. ad nauseam.
　　An egotist
　　“现在大家听好了。你们听说过我赚到了多少大钱吗？我是否告诉过你们我最近的一次成功艳遇？让我来告诉你我的观点——我非常了解，因为我几乎在任何事情上都是专家！”这个家伙的自夸程度已经达到了令人相当厌恶的程度——他用来演奏的小提琴上只有一根琴弦，这根琴弦就是他自己；而在这唯一的一根琴弦上，他却演奏出了太多单调乏味的曲调：他的观点是什么，他做过什么，他有多么优秀，他会如何处理身边的问题，还有很多其他令人作呕的言语。
　　他是一个egotist（自大者）。
　　3. let me help you
　　让我来帮助你
　　You have discovered the secret of true happiness—concerning yourself with the welfare of others. Never mind your own interests, how’s the next fellow getting along?
　　An altruist
　　他已经发现了幸福的真正秘密——将自己和他人的安乐联系起来。他从不考虑自己的利益，从不考虑下一个伙计是否好相处？
　　他是一个altruist（利他主义者）。
　　4. leave me alone
　　离我远点儿
　　Like a biochemist studying a colony of bacteria under the microscope, you minutely examine your every thought, feeling, and action. Probing, futile questions like “What do other people think of me?”, “How do I look?”, and “Maybe I shouldn’t have said that?” are your constant nagging companions, for you are unable to realize that other people do not spend as much time and energy analyzing you as you think.
　　You may seem unsocial, yet your greatest desire is to be liked and accepted. You may be shy and quiet, you are often moody and unhappy, and you prefer solitude or at most the company of one person to a crowd. You have an aptitude for creative work and are uncomfortable engaging in activities that require co�瞣peration with other people. You may even be a genius, or eventually turn into one.
　　An introvert
　　像一位生物化学家正研究着显微镜下的一团细菌，他每时每刻都在审视自己的观点、体会和行为。他无休无止地在心里唠叨，刨根问底地追问自己一些没有答案的问题：“其他人对我有怎样的看法？”“我看起来怎么样？”“我可能不应该那样说？”因为他意识不到别人根本不会花费那么多时间和精力去像他一样分析他自己。
　　他看起来可能并不擅长交际，但是他最大的愿望却是被别人喜欢、接受。他可能很害羞，喜欢安静；他经常会情绪化，不开心；他更喜欢独处，或者他宁愿身边只有一个人陪伴，也不要一群人的喧闹。他对于需要创造力的工作颇有天资；而当需要和他人配合时，他就会很不自在。他甚至有可能是个天才，或者最终总会成为天才。
　　他是一个introvert（内向的人）。
　　5. let’s do it together
　　让我们合作吧
　　You would be great as a teacher, counselor, administrator, insurance agent. You can always become interested—sincerely, vitally interested—in other people’s problems. You’re the life of the party, because you never worry about the effect of your actions, n 英语说文解字 [Word Power Made Easy] 电子书下载 mobi epub pdf txt